杨立华

• 1:北京航空航天大学公共管理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

通过对中国北方五省50个案例的比较分析,本文研究了1949—2008年近60年间我国北方沙漠化治理的制度变迁。以村、乡、县和区案例为主的小尺度分析发现,导致成功沙漠化治理有效制度变迁的规则设计原则具有七个基本特征:①制度变迁潜在收益的有效认知和深度扩散;②知识性领袖人物或群体(包括学者群体)的持续性号召和推动;③制度变迁目标的协调;④多元组织参与及民主化的协作性管理;⑤制度变迁收益的实现、增加、公平分配和利益冲突的解决;⑥实行试点—扩展式的渐进性制度变迁模式;⑦对外部制度干预的抗压能力和外部制度支持。以省及省以上案例为主的大尺度分析发现,有关沙漠化治理的制度变迁呈现斑块化总体特征。因此,要实现整体性沙漠化制度的有效变迁和获取大尺度下成功的沙漠化治理,还必须满足另一个制度设计原则,即大尺度下不同层次和不同制度间的协调。这些发现为进一步完善和推动沙漠化治理中的政策制定和制度变迁提供参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 制度;制度变迁;沙漠化;设计原则;斑块化

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:YWF-10-03-010);; 国家自然科学基金(项目批准号:71073008)资助

作者(Author): 杨立华

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