基层自主性扩张的形态及其逻辑Patterns and the Logic of Expansion of Grassroots Autonomy
陈伟
摘要(Abstract)：
作为体制与社会的结合点，乡镇基层政府面临着人事刚性约束与治理责任扩张的结构性压力。本文从组织的稳定性和适应性两个维度，探讨基层自主性扩张的两种基本形态：横向扩张依托于市场化用工，提升组织规模和分工水平，以稳定的组织结构应对治理压力；纵向扩张通过群众动员，建立派生型组织，借助其社会资源提升组织的社会适应性。在城乡不同治理情境下，资源禀赋、事务类型和治理目标差别影响着基层自主性的扩张路径：在经济资源充足、利益冲突型占主导，注重高速经济发展的城市地区基层，横向扩张有助于构建稳定的科层组织体系，以应对复杂的社会事务；在社会关系资源丰富、琐事纠纷普遍，以维持乡村社会秩序为目标的乡村地区基层，纵向扩张有助于提升组织适应性，强化政府的影响力。自主性横向、纵向扩张，实际上是基层政府因地制宜优化体制、创新机制的结果。基层自主性是治理有效的关键，应当适度保留基层政府灵活调整体制、机制的空间。
关键词(KeyWords)： 基层自主性;组织的稳定性与适应性;基层治理情境;编外人员
基金项目(Foundation): 江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目“中国基层政府编外用工的扩张及其解释”(项目批准号:KYCX21＿0009)的资助
作者(Author): 陈伟
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