张抗私,王亚迪

• 1:东北财经大学经济学院

摘要(Abstract)：

本研究采用2012—2018年中国家庭追踪调查数据,检验生育状况对已婚女性就业选择的影响。结果表明,幼年子女数量的增加会显著降低已婚女性就业率,且对受雇就业的影响大于对自雇创业的影响;曾经因生育中断就业的经历显著降低已婚女性未来受雇就业、自雇创业的概率,生育对就业的负向影响具有长期性;相对于正规就业,幼年子女数量的增加显著提高已婚女性非正规就业的概率;幼年子女数量的增加显著提高已婚女性从就业向非就业、从正规就业向非正规就业转换的概率;祖父母照料孙子女、幼教机构照料、技能培训、互联网使用在生育对已婚女性就业选择影响中发挥了显著的调节效应;随着城镇化水平的提高,幼年子女数量的增加对已婚女性受雇就业、自雇创业的负向影响程度越来越高,幼年子女数量的增加对中等收入家庭已婚女性受雇就业、自雇创业的负向影响程度最高,对乡村已婚女性受雇就业、自雇创业的负向影响程度更高;与3～6岁幼年子女数量的增加相比,0～2岁幼年子女数量的增加对已婚女性受雇就业、自雇创业的负向影响程度更高。

关键词(KeyWords)： 生育状况;长期性;调节效应;就业选择;非正规就业

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金重大项目“就业优先、稳定和扩大就业的推动机制与政策研究”（项目批准号:21ZDA099）资助

作者(Author): 张抗私,王亚迪

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• (1)2015年人口出生率为12. 07‰,2016年人口出生率为12. 95‰,2017年人口出生率为12. 43‰,2018年人口出生率为10. 94‰,2019年人口出生率为10. 48‰,2020年人口出生率8. 5‰。2015—2019年数据来源于《中国统计年鉴2020》,2020年数据来源于第七次全国人口普查数据。