女性代表如何影响公众政治态度:基于问卷实验法的分析How Women's Descriptive and Substantive Representation Affects Public Political Attitudes and Participation: Evidence Based on a Survey Experiment
涂文燕,蒋心慧
摘要(Abstract)：
随着女性在不同参政场域中的占比持续提升，女性决策者对普通公众，尤其是女性公众的政治态度和参与意愿的影响值得关注。本研究尝试探讨女性决策者的数量代表和实质代表分别对女性公众的政府满意度、政治效能感及政治参与意愿的影响。本研究采用问卷实验法，基于女性决策者的数量代表和实质代表的高低水平，构建了2×2的实验情境，对国内6324名公众进行调查。研究发现，女性决策者的数量代表和实质代表均提升了女性公众政府满意度及政治参与意愿，且这种正向反馈不仅局限于女性公众，同时也对男性的政治态度和参与产生正向影响。此外，相较于实质代表，女性决策者的数量代表对公众的政府满意度及政治参与意愿的正向影响更显著。
关键词(KeyWords)： 女性参政;数量代表;实质代表;政治态度与参与;问卷实验法
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年项目“廉政与能政的耦合关系：类型、影响因素与政策路径”(项目批准号:72304069);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(C类)“县际合作效能的影响因素与实现机制研究”(项目批准号:72504125);; 国家上海市浦江人才项目“信息科技创新与数智化廉政建设研究”(项目批准号:23PJC012)的资助
作者(Author): 涂文燕,蒋心慧
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- (1)参见《中国妇女发展纲要(2021—2030年)》中(四)妇女参与决策和管理。