韩啸,王莉

• 1:电子科技大学公共管理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

设立政府首席数据官被视为推动政府数据开放的重要方式。由于缺乏实证证据,学界对政府首席数据官的作用存在分歧。为澄清研究争议并向政府提供实践依据,本研究将广东省试点政府首席数据官视为一项准实验,运用合成控制法估计试点对政府数据开放的影响效果。研究发现,设立政府首席数据官对试点省份开放的政府数据集产生了极为显著的影响,数据集增长33倍。在进行安慰剂检验、排序检验后该发现依然成立。通过深度访谈进一步刻画出政府首席数据官对政府数据开放的作用机制,即设立政府首席数据官,数据治理权得到强化,数据治理能力实现升级并加速数据治理创新,由此促进开放数据集的增加。本研究的发现为政府首席数据官的效果评估与作用机制提供了关键证据。

关键词(KeyWords)： 政府首席数据官;合成控制;政府数据开放;控制权

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金青年项目“人工智能应用背景下政府数据开放能力提升路径研究”(项目批准号:20CZZ034);; 国家自然科学基金青年项目“面向数字化转型的政府部门数据治理能力研究”(项目批准号:72104203)、国家自然科学基金应急项目“公共数据授权运营机制与方案设计”(项目批准号:72241423);; 四川省哲学社会科学基金项目“数智时代政府首席数据官的角色定位、效果评估与优化路径研究”(项目批准号:SCJJ23ND438);; 成都市哲学社会科学规划项目“政府首席数据官推进智慧蓉城建设的作用及优化路径研究”(项目批准号:2023BZ146)资助

作者(Author): 韩啸,王莉

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• (1)人均GDP是年度数据,故未选用,选择的是发布频率更高的GDP数据。
• (2)2016年2月是从广东省政府数据开放平台(https://gddata.gd.gov.cn)上能抓取到最早的发布数据集的时间。
• (3)截至2023年5月,已上线且能正常访问的省级政府数据开放平台有20个(不含港澳台),分别是北京、天津、河北、辽宁、上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、江西、山东、湖南、广东、广西壮族自治区、海南、重庆、四川、贵州、陕西、宁夏回族自治区。其中,河北、辽宁、湖南未标明发布日期,数据集较少且更新频率不高,以其更新日期作为发布日期。
• (1) RMSPE(root mean square prediction error,均方根预测误差)用于衡量实验组与其合成控制对象之间的拟合差异度。RMSPE值越小,表明拟合效果越好。■
• (1)拟合权重分别是:(1)0.994的江苏、0.006的山东;(2)0.994的江苏、0.006的山东;(3) 0.539的浙江、0.345的江苏、0.116的上海;(4)0.997的江苏、0.003的山东;RMSPE均小于0.14。