李蓉蓉,李晓丹,段萌琦

• 1:山西大学政治与公共管理学院
• 2:中共山西省委党校

摘要(Abstract)：

面对突如其来的重大公共卫生事件的冲击，民众的政治态度极易发生变化。本文借助扎根理论的分析发现：在重大公共卫生事件中，民众的政治态度发生了积极与消极两种方向的变化，朝向积极方向的政治态度变化更多体现于政治认知中的肯定性信息增加，朝向消极方向的政治态度变化则更多聚集在政治情感上；促使政治态度发生转变的因素有利益关切、政府防控行为、媒体推动、参照效应、制度因素和政治价值观，这些因素构成了“多因素互嵌说”;由于六种因素在政治态度变化中的相互作用与催化形式不同，因此产生了不同的政治态度变化路径；其中参照效应在两种政治态度的分化中起到了关键性作用，联结起所有元素，形成了所谓的“参照逻辑”。

关键词(KeyWords)： 重大公共卫生事件;政治态度;政治认知;政治情感;参照效应

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金一般项目“新时代国家治理中农民政治态度转变机制研究”(项目批准号:18BZZ020)资助

作者(Author): 李蓉蓉,李晓丹,段萌琦

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• (1)国内外关于政治态度的研究中,对于政治态度的界定出现了概念扩容、概念窄化、概念混用的现象。概念扩容就是将任何政治心理现象都看作政治态度,使得政治态度成为一个筐,什么都能往里装,如将爱国主义、政治支持等都纳入政治态度之中;概念窄化则是走向另一个极端,就是将其他政治心理概念,如政治价值观、政治信仰甚至政治信任等,都等同于政治态度;概念混用就是将政治态度意识形态化,即用保守主义、自由主义等意识形态术语描述政治态度。
• (2)本文中提及的非常态主要是指自然灾害(洪水、海啸、地震)、公共安全事件和公共卫生事件等危机状态。
• (3)重大公共卫生事件的事态严重地区、较严重地区与不严重地区的判定是按照2020年春季的判定标准确定的。
• (4)扎根理论的特点是对样本量没有特殊的要求,只要达到理论饱和,就可以认为研究想要获得的信息已经完备。